Reported emissions in the Refineries refineries sector remained relatively consistent from 2011 to 20172019. Reported emissions decreased from 178 MMT CO2e .2 million metric tons (MMT) CO₂e in 2011 to 177.6 MMT CO2e CO₂e in 20172019, a decrease of less than one 0.3 percent. Emissions reached their lowest point during the time - series in 2012 at 173 MMT CO2e, increased to a high of 179 MMT CO2e in 2016, and decreased to 177 MMT CO2e in 2017172.6 MMT CO₂e and their highest in 2018 at 182.1 MMT CO₂e. From 2011 to 20172019, production (measured as gross input to atmospheric crude oil distillation unitsrefineries in thousand barrels per day[1]) increased by 1011.5 1 percent, meaning emissions per unit production decreased by 10.3 percent. Emissions per unit production have decreased due to shifts in production to more efficient refineries and/or implementation of energy efficiency projects (including flare gas recovery) at existing refineries. While the The number of reporting facilities decreased slightly ( from 150 in 2011 to 144 138 in 2017) 2019 because some facilities closed and a few very small facilities were no longer required to report.[2] However, overall operating operable capacity (measured in thousand barrels per calendar day) increased by 6.8 0 percent.[1]. Expanded production at existing refineries more than made up for the production lost offset production declines from refineries that closed or otherwise stopped reporting.

[1]     U  U.S. Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Supply Annual (accessed August 30October 9, 20182020) at: http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pnp_unc_dcu_nus_a.htm.

[2]     40 CFR Part 98 §98.2(i)(1) and (2) describe provisions under which a facility may discontinue reporting.